Characteristic CT Pattern Distinguishes Emphysematous Vaginitis From Necrotizing Infection

Background : Emphysematous vaginitis (EV) is an uncommon benign condition characterized by gas-filled cysts within the vaginal and often cervical mucosa. Despite its non-necrotizing nature, its imaging appearance on CT, particularly mottled pelvic soft tissue gas, can closely resemble life-threatening necrotizing infections, creating a significant diagnostic challenge for radiologists. Historically, this condition has been described primarily in isolated case reports, with limited systematic imaging data available. Infectious associations, especially with Trichomonas vaginalis , have been proposed, although causality remains uncertain. Because CT is frequently performed for unrelated abdominal or pelvic indications, radiologists may encounter this entity incidentally. Correct recognition of its characteristic anatomic distribution is critical to avoid unnecessary surgical consultation or aggressive intervention. Objective: To evaluate the CT imaging characteristics, anatomic distribu more...