RSV Vaccine Reduces Hospitalization Almost 60% Over 2 Seasons

Background: Because the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine has only been available since 2023, the durability of the vaccine is not known. Current guidelines recommend a single dose for those aged ≥75 years, and those aged 60 to 74 years at high risk of RSV. There is no guidance on any second dose. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of the RSV vaccine in preventing hospitalization in persons aged ≥60 years during 2 RSV seasons. Design/Participants: Case–control study of 6958 adults aged ≥60 years who were hospitalized at 26 hospitals across 20 U.S. states with any acute respiratory illness during the RSV seasons October 2023 through March 2024, or October 2024 through April 2025. Methods: All individuals had viral testing within 10 days of symptom onset. Controls tested negative for RSV, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza. Case subjects tested positive for RSV only. The exposure was receipt of a single dose of RSV vaccine ≥14 days before onset of illness. The outcome was hospitali more...